[MAP Logo]

Materials Algorithms Project
Program Library



Program MAP_CRYSTAL_XRDCALC

  1. Provenance of code.
  2. Purpose of code.
  3. Specification.
  4. Description of program's operation.
  5. References.
  6. Parameter descriptions.
  7. Error indicators.
  8. Accuracy estimate.
  9. Any additional information.
  10. Example of code
  11. Auxiliary routines required.
  12. Keywords.
  13. Download source code.
  14. Links.

Provenance of Source Code

Murugananth Marimuthu,
Phase Transformations Group,
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy,
University of Cambridge,
Cambridge CB2 3QZ, U.K.

E-mail: Ananth

Added to MAP: September 2000.

Top | Next

Purpose

Calculation of the retained austenite content in steels using X-ray diffracted intensities from austenite and ferrite.

Top | Next | Prev

Specification

Language: C
Product form: Source code.
Platform: Any Unix and Linux systems.

Complete program.

Top | Next | Prev

Description

The program uses inputs from your X-ray diffraction results and calculates the retained austenite content of the steel. The code has been developed based on the following equation that relates the integrated intensities with volume fraction of austenite and ferrite:



The R constants for austenite and alpha iron are given by the following expression for each peak respectively:


Where

v=Atomic volume of unit cell
F=Structure FactorProportional to the ratio of the amplitude of wave scattered by an atom to the amplitude of the wave scattered by one electron.
p=Multiplicity factorTakes into account the number of equivalent planes that contribute for a reflection.
e-2m= Temperature factorIncorporates the effect of temperature which is known to decrease the intensity of diffracted beam.
Lp=Lorentz-polarisation factor Combination of the Lorentz factor and the polarisation factor;      Polarisation factor includes the effect of the electron acceleration in different directions (depending on the electric component of the beam) on the intensity of the scattered beam at any point of consideration;     Lotrentz factor includes the geometric factors that affect the intensity of the beam
The error estimates in the calculations are made either from the intensity or from Integrated intensity depending on the users choice. But in general integrated intensity is of much more interest than the maximum intensity, since the former is characteristic of the specimen while the later is influenced by slight adjustment of the experimental apparatus.

Top | Next | Prev

References

  1. Cullity., B. D, Elements of X-ray diffraction, 1959, pp 105-137

Top | Next | Prev

Parameters

Input parameters

1. 2-Theta
Unit: degrees, The angle between the incident beam and the scattered beam

2. Integrated Intensity
For ferrite and austenite peaks. As obtained from X-ray diffraction experiment

3. Miller Indices of the planes
For austenite and ferrite separately as the program asks you

Output parameters

1. Percentage of austenite with error values

2. Result file with identification name as its start
example: test_XRD_result

Top | Next | Prev

Error Indicators

None.

Top | Next | Prev

Accuracy

No information supplied.

Top | Next | Prev

Further Comments

none.

Top | Next | Prev

Example

After you untar the file using command tar -xvf xrdcalc.tar, just type run or ./run to use "xrdcalc"

Type the Identification name of the material : test
Enter the wavelength of the X-radiation used: 1.5418
How many austenite peaks have you got : 3
How many ferrite peaks have you got : 3
Which error estimate fo you prefer
1.  Based on intensities
2.  Based on Integrated Intensities (recommended)
Enter option: 2
--------------THETA VALUES--------------------
Enter the TWO THETA value for peak 1 of AUSTENITE:50.738689
Enter the TWO THETA value for peak 2 of AUSTENITE:74.999107
Enter the TWO THETA value for peak 3 of AUSTENITE:91.171608
Enter the TWO THETA value for peak 1 of FERRITE:65.046341
Enter the TWO THETA value for peak 2 of FERRITE:82.280563
Enter the TWO THETA value for peak 3 of FERRITE:98.766502
--------------INTENSITIES--------------------
Integrated Intensity 1 for 2-Theta 50.738689 of Austenite:3089.500000
Integrated Intensity 2 for 2-Theta 74.999107 of Austenite:4394.600098
Integrated Intensity 3 for 2-Theta 91.171608 of Austenite:1998.599976
Integrated Intensity 1 for 2-Theta 65.046341 of ferrite:106221.796875
Integrated Intensity 2 for 2-Theta 82.280563 of ferrite:130751.898438
Integrated Intensity 3 for 2-Theta 98.766502 of ferrite:52179.500000
-------------- INDICES {hkl} --------------------
Enter the {hkl} for 2-theta value 50.738689 of AUSTENITE (enter each number with a space):0 0 2
Enter the {hkl} for 2-theta value 74.999107 of AUSTENITE (enter each number with a space): 0 2 2
Enter the {hkl} for 2-theta value 91.171608 of AUSTENITE (enter each number with a space): 1 1 3
Enter the {hkl} for 2-theta value 65.046341 of FERRITE (enter each number with a space): 0 0 2
Enter the {hkl} for 2-theta value 82.280563 of FERRITE (enter each number with a space): 1 1 2
Enter the {hkl} for 2-theta value 98.766502 of FERRITE (enter each number with a space): 0 2 2
LATTICE PARAMETER RESULTS
----------------------
AUSTENITE [ 2-Theta=50.738689 ]: 3.598538
AUSTENITE [ 2-Theta=74.999107 ]: 3.581792
AUSTENITE [ 2-Theta=91.171608 ]: 3.579432
FERRITE [ 2-Theta=65.046341 ] : 2.867715
FERRITE [ 2-Theta=82.280563 ] : 2.870189
FERRITE [ 2-Theta=98.766502 ] : 2.872466
Which system are you using
1. CUBIC
2. HEXAGONAL and RHOMBHOHEDRAL
3. TETRAGONAL
4. ORTHORHOMBIC
5. MONOCLINIC
6. TRICLINIC
Enter option: 1
-------------- STRUCTURE FACTOR --------------------
The major alloying elements in your steel are :
1. Fe only
2. Fe and Ni
3. Fe and Cr
4. Fe, Ni and Cr
Choose option: 2

2. Program results

-------------- RESULT --------------------
preT:0.000566 Aus:0.055444 fer:0.010212
Percentage of austenite : 2.287 % Error : 0.0566 %
Percentage of ferrite : 97.713 % Error : 0.0566 %
--------------------- END ------------------

Top | Next | Prev

Auxiliary Routines

No auxilary routines.

Top | Next | Prev

Keywords

Retained austenite, X-ray diffraction, Steels.

Top | Next | Prev

Download

Download source code

Top | Prev


MAP originated from a joint project of the National Physical Laboratory and the University of Cambridge.

Top | Program Index | MAP Homepage Valid HTML 3.2!