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H.K.D.H. Bhadeshia,
Phase Transformations Group,
Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy,
University of Cambridge,
Cambridge, U.K.
Given the composition, volume fraction of allotriomorphic ferrite and volume fraction of acicular ferrite of a steel weld, this routine calculates the overall yield strength, the overall tensile strength and the paraequilibrium temperature of the material. It also calculates the secondary hardening effect of molybdenum and gives as output parameters the strength components due to the microstructure and each element present in solid solution.
| Language: | FORTRAN |
| Product form: | Source code |
The strength of as-deposited steel weld metal, as a function of temperature, strain-rate, microstructure and alloy chemistry, has been factorised into components due to the intrinsic strength of pure iron, solid solution strengthening and a microstructural component [1,2]. The latter consists of components due to allotriomorphic ferrite, Widmanstätten ferrite and acicular ferrite. These results are used here to predict the strength of a weld and calculate the components due the microstructure and the solid solution strengthening.
The secondary hardening effect of molybdenum is accounted for using Evans' MMA molybdenum data, and the assumption that molybdenum does not influence the fractions of primary and secondary regions in any exceptional way [3]. There is an arbitrary limit before the carbon-molybdenum effect manifests itself.
| Name | Type | Description | |
|---|---|---|---|
| COMP | real array of dimension 8 | COMP contains the concentrations by percentage weight of carbon, silicon, manganese, nickel, molydenum, chromium and vanadium. (The last element of the array is not used.) | |
| NITPPM | real | NITPPM is the nitrogen concentration in parts per million by weight. If it is zero on input, then it is calculated using the method in [4]. | |
| VOLFRA | real | VOLFRA is the volume fraction of allotriomorphic ferrite. | |
| VACIC | real | VACIC is the volume fraction of acicular ferrite. |
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| VP | real | VP is the primary microstructure at the interpass temperature. |
| VS | real | VS is the secondary microstructure at the interpass temperature. |
| SIGP | real | SIGP is the strength of the primary microstructure (in MPa). |
| SIGS | real | SIGS is the strength of the secondary microstructure (in MPa). |
| SIGY | real | SIGY is the overall yield strength (in MPa). |
| UTS | real | UTS is the overall tensile strength (in MPa). |
| AE3 | real | AE3 is the paraequilibrium temperature. |
| RATIO | real | RATIO is the ratio of yield to tensile strength. |
| ENTR | real | ENTR is the scatter in toughness (0 is low, 1 is high). |
| ST | real array of dimension 12 |
|
None.
No information supplied.
None.
C Test program for stren
PROGRAM STRENEX
IMPLICIT NONE
C
DOUBLE PRECISION COMP(8), ST(12)
DOUBLE PRECISION AE3, ENTR, NITPPM, RATIO, SIGP, SIGS, SIGY, UTS
DOUBLE PRECISION VACIC, VOLFRA, VP, VS
C
WRITE(6,*) 'Carbon wt%'
READ(5,*) COMP(1)
WRITE(6,*) 'Silicon wt%'
READ(5,*) COMP(2)
WRITE(6,*) 'Manganese wt%'
READ(5,*) COMP(3)
WRITE(6,*) 'Nickel wt%'
READ(5,*) COMP(4)
WRITE(6,*) 'Molybdenum wt%'
READ(5,*) COMP(5)
WRITE(6,*) 'Chromium wt%'
READ(5,*) COMP(6)
WRITE(6,*) 'Vanadium wt%'
READ(5,*) COMP(7)
C
WRITE(6,*) 'Nitrogen Concentration (ppm by wt)'
READ(5,*) NITPPM
C
WRITE(6,*) 'Volume fraction of allotriomorphic ferrite'
READ(5,*) VOLFRA
C
WRITE(6,*) 'Volume fraction of acicular ferrite'
READ(5,*) VACIC
C
CALL MAP_STEEL_STREN(COMP, NITPPM, VOLFRA, VACIC,
& VP, VS, SIGP, SIGS, SIGY, UTS, AE3, RATIO, ENTR, ST)
C
WRITE(6,1000)
WRITE(6,1005) VP, VS
WRITE(6,1010) SIGP, SIGS
WRITE(6,*)
WRITE(6,1015) SIGY
WRITE(6,1020) UTS
WRITE(6,1030) RATIO
WRITE(6,*)
WRITE(6,1025) AE3
WRITE(6,*)
WRITE(6,1035) ENTR
WRITE(6,*)
WRITE(6,1040)
WRITE(6,1045) ST(1)
WRITE(6,1050) ST(2)
WRITE(6,1055) ST(3)
WRITE(6,1060) ST(12)
WRITE(6,1065) ST(4)
WRITE(6,1070) ST(5)
WRITE(6,1075) ST(6)
WRITE(6,1080) ST(7)
WRITE(6,1085) ST(8)
WRITE(6,1090) ST(9)
WRITE(6,1095) ST(10)
WRITE(6,1100) ST(11)
C
STOP
1000 FORMAT(16X, 'Primary', 9X, 'Secondary')
1005 FORMAT('Microstructure', D13.5, 3X, D13.5)
1010 FORMAT('Strength (Mpa)', D13.5, 3X, D13.5)
1015 FORMAT('Overall yield strength (MPa)', 7X, D13.5)
1020 FORMAT('Overall tensile strength(MPa) ', 5X D13.5)
1025 FORMAT('Paraequilibrium temperature ', D13.5)
1030 FORMAT('Ratio of yield to tensile strength ', D13.5)
1035 FORMAT('Toughness scatter ', D13.5)
1040 FORMAT('Strength components due to :-')
1045 FORMAT('Allo. ferrite', 7X, D13.5)
1050 FORMAT('Acicular. ferrite ', D13.5)
1055 FORMAT('Widman. ferrite', 5X, D13.5)
1060 FORMAT('Secondary hardening', 1X, D13.5)
1065 FORMAT('Nitrogen', 12X, D13.5)
1070 FORMAT('Manganese', 11X, D13.5)
1075 FORMAT('Silicon', 13X, D13.5)
1080 FORMAT('Nickel', 14X, D13.5)
1085 FORMAT('Molybdenum', 10X, D13.5)
1090 FORMAT('Chromium', 12X, D13.5)
1095 FORMAT('Vanadium',12X, D13.5)
1100 FORMAT('Iron',16X, D13.5)
END
Carbon wt% 0.15 Silicon wt% 0.5 Manganese wt% 1.0 Nickel wt% 0 Molybdenum wt% 0.05 Chromium wt% 0 Vanadium wt% 0 Nitrogen Concentration (ppm by wt) 50 Volume fraction of allotriomorphic ferrite 0.273 Volume fraction of acicular ferrite 0.668
Primary Secondary
Microstructure 0.32165D+00 0.67835D+00
Strength (Mpa) 0.64043D+03 0.40385D+03
Overall yield strength (MPa) 0.47995D+03
Overall tensile strength(MPa) 0.55169D+03
Ratio of yield to tensile strength 0.86995D+00
Paraequilibrium temperature 0.80847D+03
Toughness scatter 0.71993D+00
Strength components due to :-
Allo. ferrite 0.23709D+01
Acicular ferrite 0.86374D+02
Widman. ferrite 0.92229D+01
Secondary hardening 0.46128D+02
Nitrogen 0.21400D+02
Manganese 0.40800D+02
Silicon 0.47250D+02
Nickel 0.00000D+00
Molybdenum 0.74000D+01
Chromium 0.00000D+00
Vanadium 0.00000D+00
Iron 0.21900D+03
strength, weld, microstructure, secondary hardening, molybdenum
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